Yellow Toadflax (Linaria vulgaris) |
Status: |
Listed Noxious Weed In Montana |
History: |
First Montana Specimen Collected 1 |
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County: |
Flathead |
Year: |
1899 |
| “Yellow Toadflax is a native of southwestern Asia.
The first recorded introduction to the United States was from Wales as a garden ornamental
by a Welsh Quaker who came to Delaware with William Penn during the late 1600.”
“It flourished and was cultivated at other colonial gardens where it spread into
the wild (Mitich 1993).” (Carpenter, Murray) |
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Habitat: |
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Growth Habit: |
Perennial, often over 3 ft tall.
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Leaves: |
Long and narrow, numerous, pale green, smooth and pointed, attached directly to the stem.
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Stem: |
Smooth, erect and sometimes branched.
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Flower: |
Snapdragon type, 1 to 1½ inches long with spur, bright yellow with deep orange center.
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Roots: |
Woody, vigorous, well branched with many laterals..
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Seeds: |
Round ½ inch diameter, dark brown to black with a papery circular wing.
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Other Notes: |
“Yellow toadflax is an aggressive invader that is capable of forming colonies. These
colonies can easily push out native grasses and other perennials. Colonies of Yellow Toadflax
are also capable of adapting and growing in a wide range of environmental conditions.
Yellow Toadflax can reproduce both via seeds and vegativly.; Vegetative reproduction has
been observed to begin as early as 2-3 weeds after germination.
A stand of Yellow Toadflax has also been observed to increase by 418% in a single season.
Patches originally one acre in size have expanded to cover 85 acres in a five year period.
Yellow Toadflax contains a poisonous glucoside that is reportedly toxic to livestock.
However it is also consider unpalatable so poisonings are rare.” (Miller & Petitmengin)
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